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FYI: Disorders Causing Dementia
Please also read the Caregiving Tips, Support Groups and Education sections.
Degenerative diseases:
- Alzheimer's disease
- Pick's disease
- Huntington's disease
- Progressive supranuclear palsy
- Parkinson's disease (not all cases)
- Cerebellar degenerations
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (not all cases)
- Parkinson-ALS-dementia complex of Guam and other island areas
- Rare genetic and metabolic diseases (Hallervorden-Spatz, Kufs', Wilson's, late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy, adrenoleukodystrophy)
Vascular dementia:
- Multi-infarct dementia
- Cortical micro-infarcts
- Lacunar dementia (large infarcts)
- Binswanger disease
- Cerebral embolic disease (flat, air, thrombus fragments)
Anoxic dementia:
- Cardiac arrest
- Cardiac failure (severe)
- Carbon monoxide
Traumatic dementia:
- Dementia pugilistica (boxer's dementia)
- Head injuries (open or closed)
Infectious dementia:
- Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
- AIDS dementia
- Opportunistic infections
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (subacute spongiforn encephalopathy)
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
- Post-encephalitic dementia
- Behcet's syndrome
- Herpes encephalitis
- Fungal meningitis or encephalitis
- Bacterial meningitis or encephalitis
- Parasitic encephalitis
- Brain abscess
- Neurosyphilis (general paresis)
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (communicating hydrocephalus of adults)
Space-occupying lesions:
- Chronic or acute subdural hematoma
- Primary brain tumor
- Metastatic tumor (carcinoma, leukemia, lymphoma, sarcoma)
Multiple sclerosis (some cases)
Auto-immune disorders:
- Disseminated lupus erythematosis
- Vasculitis
Toxic dementia:
- Alcoholic dementia
- Metallic dementia (e.g., lead, mercury, arsenic, manganese)
- Organic poisons (e.g., solvents, some insecticides)
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